toefl

• toefl dersleri verdiğimden mütevellit production kısmında (writing - speaking) öğrencilerin faydalanması için belli başlı yapılar ve kalıplar derliyorum ve söylenmek istenenleri bu kalıplara sokunca daha organize ve kolay writing - speaking üretebiliyor öğrenciler. şimdilik writing 1 (integrated writing) için gerekli kalıpları kopyalıyorum. kolay gelsin.
  
  ............................key language for ıntegrated writing.......................................
  
  the article states that ………… and provides three reasons for that. however, the lecturer/professor/lecture explains that ……………. and refutes each of the author’s reasons.
  
  first, the reading claims that ……….. the professor refutes this point by saying that ………………. he/she states that ……………….
  
  second, the article posits that …………… however / on the other hand, the professor argues that ……………. according to the lecturer, ……..
  
  third/finally, the reading says that ……………….. the professor opposes this point by explaining that ………………… we also learn that…………..
  
  some verbs to use: suggest, say, report, posit, argue, claim, conclude, oppose, refute, be against, and dispute the claim…
  
  other introduction sentences:
  the lecture challenges the idea in the reading text that ……..
  the lecture casts doubt on the reading passage by implying/saying/stating……
  the listening lecture disagrees with the idea in the reading text that ……………